Diet, Not Inactivity, Drives Global Obesity Crisis, Duke Study Finds

A recent study published in PNAS by researchers from Duke University's Pontzer Lab suggests that increased calorie consumption—not decreased physical activity—is the main factor behind rising global obesity rates. The study analyzed data from over 4,200 adults across 34 populations on six continents, representing a range of lifestyles from hunter-gatherers to industrialized societies. Despite assumptions that wealthier, more developed nations have become more sedentary, the findings show that people in these regions expend similar or even greater energy daily. According to the lead author, the modest decline in energy expenditure with development doesn’t fully explain rising body fat levels, highlighting dietary changes as the stronger influence. Principal investigator emphasized that this research helps clarify the roles of diet and exercise, encouraging a shift in public health messaging. The team advocates for viewing physical activity and nutrition as complementary approaches and plans to further investigate which dietary elements most drive obesity.

21-07-2025