Hidden Role of HSL in Fat Cells Offers New Insights into Metabolism

Researchers have uncovered a surprising metabolic regulatory system that reshapes our understanding of weight gain and obesity. Fat cells, or adipocytes, store energy in lipid droplets, which are released when fuel is needed via the protein hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Traditionally, HSL was known to mobilize fat from these droplets.

New research from the University of Toulouse reveals that HSL also resides in the nucleus of fat cells, where it interacts with other proteins to maintain healthy adipose tissue and regulate fat mass. Surprisingly, the absence of HSL does not cause fat accumulation but rather lipodystrophy, a loss of fat, highlighting its dual role.

Levels of nuclear HSL are tightly controlled by hormones such as adrenaline, which shifts the protein from the nucleus during fasting. These findings provide novel insights into metabolic disorders, including obesity and cardiovascular complications, and may inform future strategies for prevention and treatment.

24-11-2025